This branch deals with diseases of oral and surrounding structures, oral manifestation of systemic diseases and oral and dental treatment of medically compromised patients. Emphasis is laid patient’s history, clinical examination, diagnosis, investigations, radiographic examination and medical management of lesions related to oral cavity. This specialty also deals with various basic and advanced imaging techniques such as Intra-oral periapical radiographs, OPGs, CBCT, Cephalograms etc.

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is that branch of dentistry that deals with diagnosis, surgical and adjunctive treatment of diseases, injuries and defects of human jaws, oral cavity and associated structures. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons deal with a variety of cases such as complex extractions, impactions, space infections, management of facial trauma, surgical corrections of clefts, correction of pathologies such as cysts and tumors and reconstructive surgeries. 

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This branch has two aspects. Conservative dentistry deals with the treatment of caries (cavities), malformed, discoloured, nonesthetic, or minimally fractured teeth and endodontics deals with treatment of pulpal (tooth nerve) and periapical diseases and dental pain management. This specialty pertains to saving infected teeth and maintaining their strength and integrity inside the mouth. Endodontists are specialized in performing complex restorations (fillings), root canal treatments, bleaching (tooth whitening), managing trauma to teeth, various aesthetic procedures, tooth surgeries, etc.

It is a specialty that deals with the diagnosis, prevention and correction of malpositioned or mal-aligned teeth and jaws. It is concerned with facial growth and the development of the teeth and how they should correctly occlude for proper function. It deals with diagnosing, intercepting and correcting malocclusion. Orthodontists use conventional braces or advances such as ceramic braces, invisalign or lingual braces as well as certain appliances to make crooked teeth and jaws straight for a perfect smile.

It is the specialty that studies supporting structures of teeth,  that is the gums and bone as well as diseases and conditions that affect them. They look into various diseases of the mouth such as gum inflammation and bleeding, recession and bone defects of the tooth socket. Periodontists deal with treatments such as scaling, root planning, placement of implants, gum surgeries, treatment of bony defects, LASER treatments, etc. 

Pedodontics or pediatric dentistry is a dental specialty that focuses on treatment of infants, children, and young adults. Their aim is to manage anxious children through behavior management and instill a positive dental attitude in them. Pedodontists deal with most of the dental issues in children including extractions, root canals, maintaining space in the mouth for the permanent teeth, tooth surgeries, minor orthodontic correction, management of early childhood caries and full mouth rehabilitation. They are also adept at treating children under conscious sedation.

It deals with the prevention of oral disease and promotion of oral health. This specialization deals with studying the cause and distribution of a disease in the population and how to control it. Outreach programmes, community camps are school camps are frequently held to screen for dental problems and intercept them early. Health talks are organized and the harmful effects of tobacco are emphasized on and tobacco cessation is prioritized.  

Oral pathology is the specialty of dentistry and discipline of pathology that deals with the nature, identification, and management of diseases affecting the oral and maxillofacial regions (the mouth and jaw areas). It is a science that investigates the causes, processes, and effects of these diseases. The practice of oral pathology includes research and diagnosis of diseases using clinical, radiographic, microscopic, biochemical, or other examinations. It is the backbone that allows for better diagnosis and treatment of dental diseases by the other speacialties.